Despite their historically strong ties, the relationship between Canada and the United States faced significant turbulence during the presidency of Donald Trump. His “America First” policy led to several controversial decisions that strained diplomatic ties, particularly with Canada…… By Syed Atiq ul Hassan
The United States and Canada share one of the most unique and enduring relationships in the world. As neighbours with the longest international border—stretching 8,891 kilometres (5,525 miles)—they enjoy a deep connection rooted in history, culture, trade, defence, and economic cooperation. Both countries have maintained strong diplomatic and military ties, fostering a level of partnership that is rare in international relations. The bond between these two nations has often been described as one of the closest friendships in global politics, with both governments and citizens benefiting from this strong friendship alliance.
A Shared History and Strong Bilateral Relations
The USA and Canada have long been known as the best of neighbours, demonstrating a partnership that extends beyond politics to everyday life. The citizens of both countries frequently travel across the border for work, education, business, and leisure. The extensive road networks and flights connecting the two nations facilitate seamless movement, making it common for people to commute daily across the border for various purposes.
The economic ties between the two nations are immense. Canada is the USA’s largest trading partner, with billions of dollars in goods and services exchanged annually. This trade relationship has been strengthened through agreements such as the Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA), which modernized the original NAFTA to promote fairer trade practices and enhance economic growth for all three participating countries.
The Trump Era and Its Impact on US-Canada Relations
Despite their historically strong ties, the relationship between Canada and the United States faced significant turbulence during the presidency of Donald Trump. His “America First” policy led to
several controversial decisions that strained diplomatic ties, particularly with Canada. One of the most shocking moves was his suggestion that Canada should become the 51st state of the United States, a proposal widely dismissed as unrealistic and offensive by Canadian leaders and citizens alike.
Adding to the tensions, Trump imposed a 25% tariff on Canadian imports, particularly targeting industries crucial to Canada’s economy. This decision sent shockwaves through the Canadian government and business sector, leading to swift and resolute responses from Canadian leadership. In response to Donald Trump’s new tariff policies, Canada and China are now looking to strengthening their trade relations. Canada is expanding trade opportunities with both China and Japan, including discussions on infrastructure projects such as a pipeline that could facilitate energy exports to these countries.
Prime Minister Trudeau’s Leadership and Response
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, despite facing numerous political challenges, proved to be a formidable leader in defending Canada’s interests. Since assuming office in 2015 as Canada’s 23rd prime minister and leader of the Liberal Party, Trudeau has played a significant role in shaping Canada’s foreign policy. His government has successfully negotiated key trade deals, including CUSMA and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), while also committing to the Paris Agreement on climate change.
When faced with Trump’s tariffs and provocations, Trudeau responded with firm and strategic diplomacy. He categorically rejected Trump’s notion that Canada should join the United States, stating, “That is never going to happen. We will never be the 51st state.” This strong assertion reinforced Canada’s sovereignty and national pride.
Trudeau also called out the harmful effects of Trump’s trade war, arguing that its real aim was to destabilize the Canadian economy and create conditions favourable for a US annexation. In response to the tariffs, Canada imposed retaliatory tariffs on US goods worth C$155 billion (US$107 billion). The initial phase targeted C$30 billion in goods, with the remainder scheduled to take effect within 21 days. This strategic move was designed to protect Canadian businesses while sending a strong message to the US administration.
The Economic and Political Fallout
The escalating trade dispute had serious economic repercussions. Trudeau addressed the media on March 5, warning that Trump’s policies would backfire on American workers and businesses. He stated, “We don’t want to see you hurt. But your government has chosen to do this to you. As of this morning, markets are down, and inflation is set to rise dramatically all across your country.”
He further emphasized that American consumers would bear the brunt of these policies, paying more for essential goods such as groceries, gas, cars, and homes. The tariffs risked disrupting supply chains, leading to job losses on both sides of the border. Trudeau’s remarks were not just directed at Trump but also at American voters, urging them to recognize the economic consequences of their government’s actions.
Trudeau’s Political Standing Amid Challenges
Trudeau’s leadership during this period earned him both praise and criticism. While his firm stance against Trump elevated his status on the global stage, he faced growing challenges at home. The ruling Liberal Party was under pressure, and speculation arose about whether Trudeau would step down or be replaced as leader.
Despite these political uncertainties, Trudeau remained steadfast in defending Canada’s interests. He framed the trade war as a test of national resilience, stating, “We’ve been in tough spots before … but we have not only survived, but we have also emerged stronger than ever.” His defiant stance resonated with many Canadians, reinforcing national unity during a challenging time.
The Path Forward: Strengthening US-Canada Relations
While the Trump era presented significant hurdles, the fundamental bond between Canada and the United States remained intact. The two nations have weathered numerous political storms in the past, and their shared values, economic ties, and defence partnerships continue to serve as a foundation for cooperation.
Looking ahead, the US and Canada must continue to work together to address global challenges, including climate change, economic recovery, environmental sustainability, and regional security. The deep-rooted friendship between these two nations serves as a testament to the idea that while political leaders may change, the ties between neighbours remain strong.
Conclusion: Friends Can Change, But Neighbours Remain
The relationship between Canada and the United States has been tested but never broken. Despite political upheavals and economic disputes, the connection between these two nations remains one of the strongest bilateral relationships in the world. While leaders and policies may change, the fundamental reality remains: Canada and the United States are bound together by geography, history, and shared interests. As Trudeau aptly put it, Canada will always stand firm in its sovereignty while maintaining a strong and respectful partnership with its southern neighbour.
(The writer, Syed Atiq ul Hassa, is a Sydney-based journalist, analyst, writer, author and editor Tribune International, Australia. He holds the life achievement award 2024 by NSW Government. His email address is shassan@tribune-intl.com ).
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